Prevalence and etiology of urinary stones in hospitalized patients in Baghdad

Epidemiology and pathogenesis in urinary stones diagnosed in 184 patients were studied. Mean age was 38.3 years. Male to female ratio was 2.5: 1. Stones were predominantly of mixed type: calcium oxalate was the commonest compound. Anatomical distribution of urinary stones was 67.4% renal, 12.5% ureteric and 14.6% bladder. Recurrence rate following previous surgical removal was 15.0%. Bacteria were isolated from 19 [24.4%] of 78 urinary stones: 14 were urea splitting and 5 non-urea splitting. Females had a greater chance of having infected stones. All bacteria isolated were sensitive to gentamicin and nalidixic acid. All isolates were resistant to amoxicillin and erythromycin. Multiple resistance to 6 antimicrobial agents was common [58.8%]

Nanobacteria and urinary stones

Urinary stones have plagued man over the centuries. Recently nanobacteria have been isolated from mammalian blood products. In this study we report the incidence and microbiological findings related to the isolation of nanobacteria from patients with urolithiasis. 78 urinary stones, 20 blood and 10 urine samples were collected from patients aged from six months to 89 years. In addition 27 aged matched controls were investigated. Nanobacteria were detected by using cell culture conditions, DNA-staining method and transmission electron microscopy.Nanobacteria were detected in 66.6% of demineralized urinary stones, 70% blood, 80% urine and 7.4% controls. Nanobacteria were coccoid, variable in size 0.05 - 0.5 microm and passed through 0.2 micro filters. In addition, nanobacterial culture systems allow reproducible production of apatite calcification in vitro. The epidemiology of 78 patients diagnosed with urinary stones was also studied. Their mean age was 36.1 years. Male to female ratio was 3.3 1. Stones from 78 patients were subjected to chemical analysis. Of these 5% consisted of calcium phosphate, 4% consisted of calcium oxalate and 1.3% consisted of uric acid. Stones were predominantly of mixed type 56.7%. Calcium phosphate and calcium oxalate were the commonest components. There is a significant relation between urinary stones and nanobacteria

Biochemical and bacteriological study of urinary calculi.

Biochemical and bacteriological study of urine, nidus and chemical analysis of 100 calculi from 100 patients admitted in the Regional Institute of Medical Sciences, Imphal from November, 1997 to October 1999 were done. About 47% of the cases had positive urine culture and nidus culture. Escherichia coli was the commonest bacteria isolated both in the urine and nidus of calculi. The commonest radical present in the calculi was calcium while the rarest was uric acid. The stones were composed mainly of calcium oxalate and/or phosphate followed by struvite, then mixed stone.

Upper urinary tract stones & Ureaplasma urealyticum.

Extensive culture of stones and of pre-operative and renal pelvic urine for isolation of bacteria and Ureaplasma urealyticum were performed in 70 patients of nephrolithiasis. Stones were subjected to biochemical analysis and scanning electron microscopy. Micro-organisms were isolated from 33 (47%) of 70 renal stones. Of the 38 species of micro-organisms isolated, 14 were urea-splitting (U. urealyticum 2; Klebsiella pneumoniae 8; Morganella morganii 1; Acinetobacter spp 3) and 24 were nonurea splitting. U. urealyticum was cultured from the renal stones of two patients. Pelvic urine, unlike voided urine did reflect the bacteriology of the stone. Biochemically, 55 stones (79%) were calcium oxalate phosphate stones, 10 (14%) were calcium oxalate stones and 5 (7%) were uric acid stones. None of the stones were found to be of struvite composition. These data suggest that infection stones are uncommon in this part of the country. Further, infection of renal stones with fastidious organisms like U. urealyticum and multi-drug resistant bacteria necessitate their removal to ensure complete cure.

Estudo "in vivo", no rato, da litogenesia dos fios de poligliconato, categute cromado e poliglactina 910 em urina estéril e em urina infectada por Escherichia coli e Proteus mirabilis / Study \"in vivo\" of the lithogenesis of polygliconate cromic catgut and polyglactin 910 in sterile urine, urine infected by Escherichia coli and Proteus mirabilis

A litogenesia dos fios de sutura absorvíveis foi estudada em urina estéril e em urina contaminada por Escherichia coli e Proteus mirabilis, de ratos. Concluiu-se que o fio absorvível sintético monofilamentar poligliconato) foi o fio menos litogênico e que a presença de infecçäo aumenta a litogenesia do fio